Client–Server Applications

 

Client–Server Applications

Client–server applications are Internet applications based on the client-server paradigm, where a client process requests services and a server process provides services.

  • The client starts communication by sending a request.
  • The server waits continuously for requests, processes them, and sends responses.

These applications use protocols from the application layer and rely on transport-layer protocols such as TCP or UDP.

Characteristics of Client–Server Applications

FeatureDescription
Client    Requests services
Server    Provides services
Communication    Request–response model
Server Lifetime    Continuous
Client Lifetime    Temporary
Protocols Used    HTTP, FTP, SMTP, DNS, etc.
Transport Protocol    TCP or UDP

Common Client–Server Applications

ApplicationPurposeProtocol Used
Web Browsing    Access web pages    HTTP/HTTPS
E-mail    Send and receive mail    SMTP, POP3, IMAP
File Transfer    Transfer files between systems        FTP
Remote Login    Access remote computers    TELNET, SSH
Domain Name Service    Convert domain names to IP addresses    DNS
Network Management    Monitor and manage networks    SNMP

Working of Client–Server Applications

  1. The client starts the application.
  2. The client connects to the server using a socket.
  3. The server accepts the request.
  4. Data is exchanged between client and server.
  5. The server sends the response.
  6. The connection may close after communication.

Advantages

  • Centralized management
  • Easy resource sharing
  • Better security control
  • Efficient service management

Disadvantages

  • Server can become overloaded
  • Failure of server affects clients
  • Requires powerful servers
  • Maintenance cost is high

Examples

  • Web browser accessing a website
  • Sending e-mails through a mail server
  • Downloading files from an FTP server
  • Remote login using SSH

Client–server applications form the basis of many traditional Internet services used today.

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